Stages of arthritis: Have you ever woken up with stiff joints or noticed your knees aching after just a short walk? It’s easy to dismiss this as fatigue or “just getting older,” but in some cases, it could be an early sign of arthritis.
Like most long-term health conditions, arthritis doesn’t appear overnight. It typically progresses slowly, moving through different stages. Knowing these stages can make a significant difference; it can help you spot the problem early, receive treatment promptly, and manage your symptoms more effectively as you age.
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What is arthritis?
Arthritis is inflammation of the joints. The two most common types are
- Osteoarthritis: Typically caused by the wear and tear of the joints over time
- Rheumatoid arthritis: An autoimmune condition where the body’s own immune system mistakenly attacks the joints.
Stages of arthritis:
Stage 1: Early arthritis
In the earliest stage, you might not even realise anything is wrong. You may notice mild joint stiffness in the morning or after you’ve been sitting for a long time, or a slight discomfort when you start moving that you casually blame on “getting older.”
These small signs are easy to ignore, but this is actually the ideal time to act. Gentle exercises such as walking or light stretching, maintaining a healthy weight to ease pressure on your joints, and eating anti-inflammatory foods can help slow down the progression.
Stage 2: Mild arthritis
At this stage, the signs of arthritis become harder to ignore. The cartilage in your joint is starting to wear down more, and the space between the bones may begin to narrow. You might notice swelling around the joint, more frequent pain, and stiffness that lasts longer in the mornings. Some people also experience clicking and popping sensations when they move.
Stage 3: Moderate arthritis
By stage 3, many people begin to seek serious help because the discomfort is affecting daily life. The cartilage is now significantly damaged, and in some areas, the bones may be starting to rub directly against each other.
Swelling is more common, and everyday activities, such as climbing stairs, walking long distances or opening jars, can feel difficult. At this stage, doctors may recommend stronger prescription medicines, and sometimes a custom knee brace or other support to help you move more comfortably.
Stage 4: Severe arthritis
In stage 4, or severe arthritis, the joint is badly damaged. By this point, the cartilage may be almost or completely worn away, and the bones can start to change shape.
Pain often becomes intense and constant, movement is very restricted, and the joint may look swollen. Even simple everyday activities like walking a short distance, getting up from a chair or holding objects can feel exhausting and painful. At this stage, doctors may discuss options such as joint replacement surgery, stronger pain medications, or biologic treatments in the case of rheumatoid arthritis. Mobility aids, such as canes, walkers or supports, can also help you stay independent and safe.
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If the early signs are ignored, arthritis can impact both your physical and emotional well-being. However, measures such as staying active, managing weight, following medical advice and protecting your joints can slow down the progression.